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# Standards & Technology

## Docs

- [Standards & Technology](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/overview.md): A section overview of the identifier, data carrier, resolution and event data standards that can support a Digital Product Passport, and where the boundary with legal obligation sits.
- [The Digital Product Passport Standards Landscape](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/the-digital-product-passport-standards-landscape.md): A map of the Digital Product Passport standards landscape: who makes EU law, who develops European standards, what a standardisation request is, what CEN, CENELEC, ETSI, ISO, IEC and GS1 each do, where the CEN and CENELEC JTC 24 Digital Product Passport standards fit, what the technical standardisation domains cover, and how legal effect differs between binding law, product-specific requirements, harmonised standards, other standards and implementation choices.
- [What is GS1?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/what-is-gs1.md): A vendor neutral explanation of GS1: what the organisation is, how its standards are developed, which standards matter, and how identification, capture and exchange standards underpin Digital Product Passports.
- [What is GS1 Digital Link?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/what-is-gs1-digital-link.md): A vendor neutral explanation of GS1 Digital Link: why it was created, how it differs from a traditional barcode or printed URL, how one product identifier resolves to many trusted destinations, and why it underpins Digital Product Passport implementations.
- [QR Codes vs GS1 Digital Link: What's the Difference?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/qr-codes-vs-gs1-digital-link.md): A vendor neutral explanation of how QR codes, GS1 QR codes, GS1 Digital Link, GTINs, URLs and Digital Product Passports relate to each other, why they are constantly confused, and which of them is actually the standard.
- [What is a Product Identifier?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/what-is-a-product-identifier.md): A vendor neutral explanation of product identifiers: what they are, why every product needs a trusted identity, how identity differs from description, and why identification is the foundation of every Digital Product Passport.
- [What is a GTIN?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/what-is-a-gtin.md): A vendor neutral explanation of the Global Trade Item Number: what a GTIN is, why it exists, how company prefixes and item references make it globally unique, how GTIN-8, GTIN-12, GTIN-13 and GTIN-14 differ, and how GTINs underpin Digital Product Passports.
- [What is a Data Carrier?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/what-is-a-data-carrier.md): A vendor neutral explanation of data carriers: what they are, why they exist, how they differ from identifiers, and how linear barcodes, QR codes, Data Matrix, RFID, NFC and digital carriers deliver the same product identity to different audiences and Digital Product Passports.
- [What is EPCIS?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/what-is-epcis.md): A vendor neutral explanation of EPCIS: the GS1 standard for recording and sharing product event data, how it differs from identifiers and ERP systems, its four event types, and why it matters for product traceability and Digital Product Passports.
- [How Product Data Moves Through the Supply Chain](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/how-product-data-moves-through-the-supply-chain.md): A vendor neutral explanation of how product identity, business events, enterprise master data and Digital Product Passports work together as a product moves from raw materials to recycling.
- [How Will Digital Product Passports Change Product Compliance?](https://tieback.io/docs/knowledge-base/standards-and-technology/how-will-digital-product-passports-change-product-compliance.md): How Digital Product Passports turn compliance from static documents held in silos into connected, continuously available product information, and what that changes for each party.